多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

帕金森氏症候群：女，31岁，元月不自然。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

扫描表现：龟头超声波和MRI T2WI显示子宫增大，周围鞘荷叶小于12亚厘米。周围子宫组分在超声波上强回声，MRI上偏高瞬时。未见优势卵荷叶。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多鞘子宫病症候群

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多鞘子宫病症候群也叫S-L病症候群。是女性不孕的最罕见原因。主要是由于荷尔蒙紊乱引致长期以来无排卵和雄激素分泌过盛。PCOS的现代三联征：肥大、闭经和刚毛症候群。但仅有分之三患者表现为此三联症候群。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用扫描检查实质性赚取更多信息。的现代的超声波/MRI征象包括：子宫增大、变圆，外周多发小鞘荷叶，子宫组分US上强回声，T2WI偏高瞬时。PCOS患者提议长期以来随访，因长期以来雌二醇水平过高，可能会心绞痛前列腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上题材节选自腹部扫描个案汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多鞘子宫病症候群

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 元月

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 小鞘

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 强回声的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 荷尔蒙的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 取消排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 雄激素过多症候群

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 刚毛症候群

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 子宫

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 组分

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 归因于回声（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌二醇

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多鞘子宫病症候群